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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica Advance Access originally published online on March 24, 2009
Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2009 41(5):362-369; doi:10.1093/abbs/gmp016
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© The Author 2009. Published by ABBS Editorial Office in association with Oxford University Press on behalf of the Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

The role of P2X7 receptor in ATP-mediated human leukemia cell death: calcium influx-independent

Xiujun Zhang1,*, Lijun Meng2, Baoling He1, Jing Chen1, Peng Liu1, Jie Zhao1, Yufen Zhang1, Ming Li1 and Dong An3,*

1 Department of Life Sciences, North China Coal Medical University, Tangshan 063000, China
2 Department of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Tangshan College, Tangshan 063000, China
3 Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China

* Correspondence address. Tel: +86-315-3726335; Fax: +86-315-3726341; E-mail: zhangxiujun66{at}yahoo.com.cn (X.Z.); Tel: +86-21-33589869; Fax: +86-21-65643597; E-mail: andong{at}fudan.edu.cn (D.A.)


  Abstract

Activation of the P2X7 receptor leads to a rapid, bidirectional flux of cations, causing broad range of biological responses including cytotoxicity. However, the mechanism of P2X7-mediated cytotoxicity remains largely unexplored. In our previous study, the lack of P2X7-mediated calcium response under normal conditions was found in P2X7+ hematopoietic cell lines. In this study, the P2X7-mediated cytotoxicity in different type of cells (P2X7–, P2X7+ with calcium response, and P2X7+ without calcium response) was investigated. Our results showed that P2X7 agonists, adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) or 2',3'-O-(4 benzoylbenzoyl)-ATP, dose-dependently reduced the cell viability in all P2X7+ cells tested, including J6-1, LCL, and Namalva cells which are negative for P2X7-mediated calcium response, although these effects were lower than those observed in KG1a cells which has normal P2X7 functions. The cytotoxic effect could be blocked by P2X7 antagonists, oxidized ATP and 1-[N,O-bis(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-N-methyl-L-tyrosyl]-4-phenylpiperazine. In addition, externalization of phosphatidylserine could be detected in a time-dependent manner and apoptotic morphological changes could be observed after the activation of P2X7 receptor in J6-1 cells. Furthermore, P2X7-mediated pore formation could be detected in KG1a and J6-1 cells under low-ionic conditions, but not under low-divalent conditions. These effects could not be observed in P2X7– Ramos cells. These results suggested that P2X7 receptor-mediated cytotoxic effects may occur independent of calcium response.

Keywords    P2X7 receptor; cytotoxicity; calcium response; ATP

Received: December 8, 2008; Accepted: March 3, 2009
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